Is Greulich and Pyle standards of skeletal maturation applicable for age estimation in South Indian Andhra children?

Rezwana Begum Mohammed; Dola Srinivasa Rao; Alampur Srinivas Goud; S Sailaja; Anshuj Ajay Rao Thetay; Meera Gopalakrishnan

doi:10.4103/0975-7406.160031

Journal of Pharmacy And Bioallied Sciences

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE

Year : 2015 | Volume : 7 | Issue : 3 | Page : 218-225

Is Greulich and Pyle standards of skeletal maturation applicable for age estimation in South Indian Andhra children?

Rezwana Begum Mohammed¹, Dola Srinivasa Rao², Alampur Srinivas Goud³, S Sailaja⁴, Anshuj Ajay Rao Thetay⁵, Meera Gopalakrishnan⁶
¹ Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, GITAM Dental College and Hospital, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India
² Department of Periodontics, GITAM Dental College and Hospital, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India
³ Department of Periodontics, Bhabha College of Dental Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
⁴ Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Government Dental College, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
⁵ Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, RKDF Dental College and Research Centre, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
⁶ Department of Endodontics and Conservative Dentistry, Indira Gandhi Institute of Dental Sciences, Ernakulam, Kerala, India

Correspondence Address:
Rezwana Begum Mohammed
Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, GITAM Dental College and Hospital, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh
India

Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None

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DOI: 10.4103/0975-7406.160031

Introduction: Now-a-day age determination has gained importance for various forensic and legal reasons. Skeletal age (SA) of a test population can be estimated by comparing with established standards of Greulich and Pyle (G-P). As this atlas has been prepared using data from upper-class children born between 1917 and 1942 in the USA and the applicability of these standards to contemporary populations has yet to be tested on Andhra children living in India. Hence, this study was aimed to assess the reliability of bone age calculated by G-P atlas in estimation of age in selected population. Materials and Methods: A total of 660 children (330 girls, 330 boys) between ages 9 and 20 years were randomly selected from outpatient Department of Oral Medicine in GITAM Dental College, Andhra Pradesh. Digital hand-wrist radiographs were obtained and assessed for SA using G-P atlas and the difference between estimated SA and chronological age (CA) were compared with paired t-test and Wilcoxon signed rank test. Results: G-P method underestimated the SA by 0.23 ± 1.53 years for boys and overestimated SA by 0.02 ± 2 years in girls and mild underestimation was noted in the total sample of about 0.1 ± 1.78 years. Spearman rank test showed significant correlation between SA and CA (r = 0.86; P < 0.001). Conclusion: This study concluded that G-P standards were reliable in assessing age in South Indian Andhra children of age 9-20 years with unknown CA.

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